Oil and gas leases in Karnes County — page 12
Karnes County, Texas has 3,456 oil and gas leases with production on file at the Railroad Commission. 1,768 of them are oil leases and 1,688 are gas leases. Between them they carry 6,870 wellbores. Reported volumes run from January 1993 to August 2026 and come to 1.2 billion barrels of oil and 2.0 billion Mcf of gas. 196 operators file returns here. Every lease below has its own page with a decline-curve forecast and an estimate of what the whole lease is worth.
Key facts about Karnes County
- How many oil and gas leases are in Karnes County?
- Karnes County has 3,456 oil and gas leases with production reported to the Railroad Commission of Texas, as of August 2026.
- How much oil and gas has Karnes County produced?
- Leases in Karnes County have reported 1,206,104,073 barrels of oil (bbl) and 2,026,634,613 thousand cubic feet of gas (Mcf) to the Railroad Commission of Texas between January 1993 and August 2026.
- How many operators are active in Karnes County?
- 196 operators file production returns for leases in Karnes County.
- How much are mineral rights in Karnes County worth?
- There is no single figure: what a mineral or royalty interest in Karnes County is worth depends on the individual lease, its decline, and the share the owner holds. Each of the 3,456 leases listed here has its own page with the full production history the operator reported, a decline-curve forecast, and an estimate of what a royalty interest in it is worth today.
Leases — page 12 of 18
- PATTON UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 380 thousand reported
- GENELLE BA-HARRELL USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 379 thousand reported
- RIPPSTEIN-HONS RAFTER SA1 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 378 thousand reported
- SCHENDEL-E GRAY USW D — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 378 thousand reported
- SMITH-MELLICK-SCHEELE SA5 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 378 thousand reported
- JJJ RANCH-SISTI ULW — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 377 thousand reported
- KRAWIETZ-JANET RUTH USW D — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 376 thousand reported
- RUCK D - COLLEEN A USW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 376 thousand reported
- LOVE UNIT — gas, Ovintiv USA Inc., Karnes County, 376 thousand reported
- OXFORD DAVIDSON-OXFORD PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 375 thousand reported
- JEN-JAN-DAVIS ULW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 375 thousand reported
- K SOUTH-PETERSON USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 375 thousand reported
- SCHENDEL-HAR USW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 374 thousand reported
- SKLOSS-KARNES A USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 374 thousand reported
- ATLAS UNIT — oil, Blackbrush O & G, LLC, Karnes County, 374 thousand reported
- FOEGELLE-DUGIE UNIT — gas, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 374 thousand reported
- SOUNDGARDEN UNIT — gas, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 374 thousand reported
- COOPER UNIT — gas, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 373 thousand reported
- BORDOVSKY A7 — gas, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 373 thousand reported
- HOMEYER — gas, Midpar L.P., Karnes County, 373 thousand reported
- CRISP B AC-CREWS A AC SA 3 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 372 thousand reported
- NARANJO-K SOUTH USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 372 thousand reported
- SULCATA A — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 372 thousand reported
- BIT-WESS-OWENS ULW H — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 371 thousand reported
- JOG GALLO ROJO A JOSEPH PSA — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 370 thousand reported
- MORGAN UNIT AC — gas, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 370 thousand reported
- BRYSCH JONAS-YOSKO BORGFELD SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 370 thousand reported
- BENCH LAKE FARMS UNIT 1 — oil, Riley Exploration, LLC, Karnes County, 370 thousand reported
- SWITCHFOOT UNIT — gas, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 369 thousand reported
- BRYSCH ADAMS-BRYSCH JONAS C SA1 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 368 thousand reported
- WILLEKE UNIT A — gas, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 368 thousand reported
- CARMODY TRUST "B" — oil, Plains Exploration & Prod. Co., Karnes County, 368 thousand reported
- ROCKHOPPER K — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 366 thousand reported
- RUCK D - C - COLLEEN ULW F — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 365 thousand reported
- ECKERT UNIT — oil, Inpex Eagle Ford, LLC, Karnes County, 365 thousand reported
- HALEN B — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 364 thousand reported
- FRANKE-MAY-RYAN UNIT A-B ALC — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 364 thousand reported
- ESCONDIDO CREEK — gas, Patterson Energy Corporation, Karnes County, 364 thousand reported
- PAWELEK-MIXON USW C — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 364 thousand reported
- OPIELA UNIT — oil, Plains Exploration & Prod. Co., Karnes County, 363 thousand reported
- PINSON SLAUGHTER UNIT — gas, Whiting Oil And Gas Corporation, Karnes County, 363 thousand reported
- S REYNOLDS-COLIN B USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 363 thousand reported
- CEF-CREWS B AC SA 2 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 362 thousand reported
- HILBRICH — gas, Coastal Oil & Gas Corporation, Karnes County, 361 thousand reported
- EDITH GRAY - SCHENDEL USW G — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 361 thousand reported
- EGBERT-CARTER-HOLM SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 361 thousand reported
- METZ-KORTH-RRU ULW C — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 361 thousand reported
- BODDEN A-KORTH A USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 360 thousand reported
- SMITH-MELLICK-SCHEELE SA4 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 360 thousand reported
- CARMODY TRUST AC A — oil, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 360 thousand reported
- CHALLENGER UNIT B-A AC SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 359 thousand reported
- SALGE-EGBERT MILLER (SA) D — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 359 thousand reported
- GROSS-ROBERT PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 358 thousand reported
- TMK UNIT B — oil, Gulftex Energy, LLC, Karnes County, 358 thousand reported
- YANTA 2-REIMAN ULW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 357 thousand reported
- ZAESKE-ECKOLS-FRANKE SA — gas, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 357 thousand reported
- MARGARET UNIT 1 — oil, Riley Exploration, LLC, Karnes County, 356 thousand reported
- BITTERLY OWENS C USW — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 356 thousand reported
- BITTERLY OWENS COLIN B ULW — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 356 thousand reported
- ISAAK A — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 355 thousand reported
- SPEAR REYNOLDS C-A ULW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 355 thousand reported
- RUCK D - COLLEEN A USW C — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 355 thousand reported
- AVERLY LFU — oil, Blackbrush O & G, LLC, Karnes County, 355 thousand reported
- TURNBULL UNIT C — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 354 thousand reported
- MCCOY EGBERT-EGBERT SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 354 thousand reported
- CONCEPCION B — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 353 thousand reported
- OPIELA — gas, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 353 thousand reported
- LEO J-YANTA N 1-2 USW C — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 352 thousand reported
- BOLF AC UNIT — oil, Ageron Energy, LLC, Karnes County, 352 thousand reported
- ORYX D — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 352 thousand reported
- SWIZE MCFARLAND UNIT AC — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 352 thousand reported
- KIMBLE-GILLEY UNIT — gas, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 352 thousand reported
- RIPPSTEIN-HONS RAFTER SA2 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 351 thousand reported
- EARNEST GAS UNIT — gas, Lewis Petro Properties, Inc., Karnes County, 351 thousand reported
- HEDTKE UNIT — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 350 thousand reported
- BODDEN A-KORTH A USW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 350 thousand reported
- HYATT UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 349 thousand reported
- AVERLY — oil, Blackbrush O & G, LLC, Karnes County, 349 thousand reported
- ESCONDIDO CREEK — gas, Patterson Energy Corporation, Karnes County, 349 thousand reported
- ELIZONDO 01 — gas, Pioneer Natural Res. USA, Inc., Karnes County, 348 thousand reported
- ROBERTS UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 348 thousand reported
- BLANC E — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 348 thousand reported
- BITTERLY OWENS F USW — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 346 thousand reported
- G. CAZADORES HENKE-O. WITTE SA7 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 346 thousand reported
- INCUBUS UNIT — gas, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 346 thousand reported
- KRAWIETZ-JANET RUTH USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 345 thousand reported
- M.-MOCZYGEMBA M.-JONAS C SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 345 thousand reported
- CREWS A-CEF 1H — oil, BHP Billiton Pet(Txla Op) Co, Karnes County, 344 thousand reported
- GAMERA J — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 344 thousand reported
- KRUCIAK UNIT — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 344 thousand reported
- RUDD-GREEN A (SA) A — oil, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 343 thousand reported
- ISABELLE — oil, Tidal Petroleum, Inc., Karnes County, 343 thousand reported
- ROCKHOPPER B — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 343 thousand reported
- EMERSON UNIT — gas, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 342 thousand reported
- LINHART WILSON PSA C — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 342 thousand reported
- CARTER-SALGE-EGBERT-MILLER PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 342 thousand reported
- TURNBULL UNIT E — oil, Lucas Energy, Inc., Karnes County, 342 thousand reported
- POLLOK-BRYSCH UNIT — oil, Vintage Petroleum, Inc., Karnes County, 342 thousand reported
- MANKA UNIT 1 — oil, Riley Exploration, LLC, Karnes County, 341 thousand reported
- BRAZIL UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 341 thousand reported
- LOVE-SIENKIEWICZ B — oil, Validus NRG Aquilas Assetco LLC, Karnes County, 341 thousand reported
- MANGIONE 01 — oil, Pioneer Natural Res. USA, Inc., Karnes County, 341 thousand reported
- KORTH VICKERS UNIT D — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 340 thousand reported
- BROWN DUPNIK B-A PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 340 thousand reported
- SOUNDGARDEN UNIT — oil, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 340 thousand reported
- SKLOSS-KARNES A USW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 339 thousand reported
- MATADOR SICKENIUS A — oil, Matador Production Company, Karnes County, 337 thousand reported
- ELIZABETH GAS UNIT — gas, Whiting Oil And Gas Corporation, Karnes County, 337 thousand reported
- REIMAN YANTA BORDOVSKY ULW — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 337 thousand reported
- ESCONDIDO A B USW D — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 337 thousand reported
- B.U.-BOYCE — gas, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 336 thousand reported
- CEF-CREWS B SA 1 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 336 thousand reported
- R PAWELEK A-R PAWELEK B SA 1 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 335 thousand reported
- KARNES UNIT B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 335 thousand reported
- SCHEELE-HUTH UNIT A — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 334 thousand reported
- ROCKHOPPER D — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 333 thousand reported
- CHANDLER — gas, Whiting Oil And Gas Corporation, Karnes County, 333 thousand reported
- METZ-KORTH USW B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 333 thousand reported
- J HANDY D — oil, Ovintiv USA Inc., Karnes County, 332 thousand reported
- REYNOLDS GAS UNIT 1 — gas, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 332 thousand reported
- LINHART PATTON PSA A — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 331 thousand reported
- BODOGGINZ-JANSSEN USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 331 thousand reported
- MEDINA-HOFFMAN MEDINA-TRIAL SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 331 thousand reported
- SCR B-TURNBULL H 1H PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 330 thousand reported
- DREES UNIT PSA A — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 330 thousand reported
- G. CAZADORES HENKE-O. WITTE SA6 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 330 thousand reported
- FORISTER 541 B-M. MOCZYGEMBA SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 330 thousand reported
- FLYING-FORISTER-HICKOK USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 330 thousand reported
- RIDLEY FARMS 01 — gas, Ensign Operating LLC, Karnes County, 329 thousand reported
- SMITH MELLICK-SCHEELE-B.HUTH SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 329 thousand reported
- WESSENDORF — gas, Crawford Energy Operating Co, Karnes County, 329 thousand reported
- SALGE-KINKLER-BUSSELMAN ALC — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 329 thousand reported
- TRENCH FOOT UNIT G — oil, Verdun Oil & Gas LLC, Karnes County, 329 thousand reported
- WERNLI GU #1 — gas, Pioneer Natural Res. USA, Inc., Karnes County, 328 thousand reported
- PHILLIPPE GU1 — gas, Statoil Texas Onshore Prop LLC, Karnes County, 328 thousand reported
- BANDUCH — oil, Riley Exploration, LLC, Karnes County, 327 thousand reported
- JANET RUTH UNIT A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 327 thousand reported
- MOCZYGEMBA-JAUER-POLLOK PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 327 thousand reported
- WAGENER UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 327 thousand reported
- GAMERA G — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 327 thousand reported
- BIT-WESS-OWENS ULW K — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 326 thousand reported
- KARNES UNIT A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 326 thousand reported
- WOOD-JANSSEN GAS UNIT — gas, Saxet Energy, Ltd., Karnes County, 326 thousand reported
- LUNA UNIT AC — gas, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 326 thousand reported
- LYSSY UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 326 thousand reported
- BODDEN A-KORTH A USW C — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 325 thousand reported
- BEST BATEMAN-BEST BEARD SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 325 thousand reported
- COATES "A" — oil, Comstock Oil & Gas, LP, Karnes County, 325 thousand reported
- STP UNIT — oil, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 325 thousand reported
- SPRENCEL "B" UNIT — gas, Ovintiv USA Inc., Karnes County, 325 thousand reported
- CARMODY - FRANKE MAY A — oil, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 325 thousand reported
- SYRING, R. J. — oil, Jones, Edwin M. Oil Co., Karnes County, 323 thousand reported
- ARKTIKA E — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 323 thousand reported
- SKLOSS UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 321 thousand reported
- EMERSON UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 320 thousand reported
- YANTA A-CREWS B SA 2 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 320 thousand reported
- MANGIONE 01 — gas, Pioneer Natural Res. USA, Inc., Karnes County, 320 thousand reported
- A. GREAVES B-SMOLIK A SA 2 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 319 thousand reported
- HORSE THIEF A — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 319 thousand reported
- DREES UNIT PSA I — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 319 thousand reported
- CARMODY TRUST AC B — oil, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 319 thousand reported
- B. DUPNIK A-H. BROWN PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 319 thousand reported
- MEDINA-JONAS A-SALGE-KINKLER SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 316 thousand reported
- CREWS A-CEF 2H — oil, BHP Billiton Pet(Txla Op) Co, Karnes County, 315 thousand reported
- HARTMAN-RIPPSTEIN MIKKELSON SA1 — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 315 thousand reported
- ROCKHOPPER E — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 314 thousand reported
- YOSKO-WITTE UNIT — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 314 thousand reported
- SMITH-MELLICK-OXFORD WITTE SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 313 thousand reported
- KOWALIK 228-1R AC — gas, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 313 thousand reported
- SMOLIK UNIT B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 313 thousand reported
- MKKL ALLOCATION #1 — oil, Xto Energy Inc., Karnes County, 313 thousand reported
- METZ-KORTH USW A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 311 thousand reported
- JAUER-JAUER SONKA UNIT SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 311 thousand reported
- KOTARA CARTER UNIT — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 311 thousand reported
- KIMBLE UNIT A — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 311 thousand reported
- MAY-RYAN UNIT A-B 3H PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 311 thousand reported
- ROGERS-MCCOY EGBERT SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 311 thousand reported
- MUMFORD UNIT — gas, Magnolia Oil & Gas Operating LLC, Karnes County, 310 thousand reported
- A. GREAVES B-SMOLIK A SA 1 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 310 thousand reported
- JOG-JOG EAST PSA — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 310 thousand reported
- JONES GAS UNIT NO. 1 — gas, Esenjay Exploration, Inc, Karnes County, 310 thousand reported
- EDITH GRAY UNIT B — oil, Burlington Resources O & G Co LP, Karnes County, 309 thousand reported
- ROCKHOPPER A — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 308 thousand reported
- GEORG (EF) A — oil, Lonestar Operating, LLC, Karnes County, 308 thousand reported
- A. GREAVES A-L. DOVE A SA 1 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 308 thousand reported
- DREES UNIT PSA D — oil, Murphy Expl. & Prod. Co. - USA, Karnes County, 307 thousand reported
- HOSKINS, W. B. — gas, Whiting Oil And Gas Corporation, Karnes County, 307 thousand reported
- PANOZZO A — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 307 thousand reported
- TMK UNIT F — oil, Gulftex Energy, LLC, Karnes County, 306 thousand reported
- SALGE-EGBERT MILLER (SA) B — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 306 thousand reported
- SMOLIK A-BANDUCH B SA 1 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 305 thousand reported
- BOWERS UNIT — gas, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 305 thousand reported
- LOVE-KOTARA RIDLEY-SIENKIEWICZ A — oil, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 304 thousand reported
- DROMGOOLE ''A'' - OWENS SA D — oil, Devon Energy Production Co, L.P., Karnes County, 304 thousand reported
- Y. WITTE-K.LAUBACH PSA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 303 thousand reported
- SMOLIK A-BANDUCH B SA 2 — oil, BPX Operating Company, Karnes County, 303 thousand reported
- MEDINA-JONAS C-B SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 303 thousand reported
- SALGE RAFTER-RIPPSTEIN RAFTER SA — oil, Marathon Oil Ef LLC, Karnes County, 302 thousand reported
- BP AMERICA GAS UNIT 1 — gas, Enduring Resources, LLC, Karnes County, 302 thousand reported
- ROCKHOPPER J — oil, Eog Resources, Inc., Karnes County, 302 thousand reported
Production figures are as reported to the Railroad Commission of Texas. Values shown on lease pages are estimates produced by fitting a decline curve to that reported history; they are not offers or appraisals.